April 23, 2007

The New Language of Business: SOA and Web 2.0


The following is an excerpt from Chapter 11 of The New Language of Business:  SOA and Web 2.0 by Sandy Carter. In this book, Carter shows how, by levering SOA (service-oriented architecture), Web 2.0 and other technologies, business leaders can use innovations in technology to drive process improvements and support change.

Chapter 11: Putting It All Together

I am on the North Carolina coast today, and I am surprised to learn that more than 2,000 shipwrecks have occurred off these coasts. Why so many? Hurricanes, treacherous shoals, unpredictable weather, and war caused the majority of the wrecks. My family and I rented jet skis and went exploring around the area to check out and learn about the history. It was neat to see how many other captains had “learned” about the ways to predict and avoid such hazards in the area and were able to successfully reach the North Carolina shore.  

   

In the same way, this final chapter helps companies create a plan for their journey toward innovation. A set of guiding principles and goals is the focus of this chapter as you continue your flex-pon-sive* journey.  

GROWTH, BUSINESS FLEXIBILITY, AND INNOVATION ARE THE RESULTS OF A FLEX-PON-SIVE* COMPANY

In some ways, today’s business environment is similar to the Internet era, when in the rush to embrace the Internet and to get a competitive edge, companies became preoccupied with e-commerce. In fact, instead of imagining a hybrid world, everyone said that “clicks would replace bricks” and that retail would be changed forever. Others thought that it was about more than transactions; they saw the larger vision of e-business. E-business was a new way of doing business. You can see the similarities to where we are today—the rush to adopt emerging technology and the misconceptions that business changes suddenly instead of gradually.  

   

And today there is a bigger world emerging on the horizon. From the work that IBM has been doing with business leaders and from its client engagements, they have produced a study by the Institute for Business Value (IBV) on the business value of flexibility and SOA in this new world. The results showed that those companies moving to the flex-pon-sive* world were seeing the results in flexibility from SOA; 97% justified their first SOA project based on cost, 100% saw increased business flexibility, and 51% showed increased revenue growth. The 30 customers who produced these results are plunging into today’s innovative and flex-pon-sive* world with an understanding that was lost in the e-business world. This new model requires that businesses change, but at an incremental pace. This study complements the CEO study that we analyzed at the start of this book, which showed that companies were primarily pursuing growth again and only secondly cost-cutting. Since that study was completed, competitive pressures have only increased—due to advances in technology, the rapid advent of globalization, and the consequent flat world. If there’s any change, it’s the insertion of an important qualifier—profitability. Profitable growth is now at the top of the list.  

   

And in a follow-up study, our recently released Global CEO Study 2006, 765 CEOs in every major industry told us that the pressures to achieve profitable growth had introduced a new mandate—the need to innovate:    

  • Two-thirds of the CEOs believe their organizations will need to introduce fundamental, radical changes in the next two years to respond to competitive pressures and external forces.  
  • Fewer than half say they’ve managed this magnitude of change successfully in the past.  

 

With the growing sophistication about how and where innovation occurs, companies know that business flexibility is the driver. New ideas don’t just come from inside their company, but from wikis, blogs, partners, customers, and even competitors. This world requires collaboration to solicit the ideas and flexibility to respond to those ideas. The insight is that CEOs now say that more of their  

ideas for innovation come from partners and clients than from their own employees.  

   

The interesting commonality here is that all these new ideas come from some sort of collaboration, but to act on those ideas, business flexibility must be a number-one priority.  

   

Among all the CEO areas of focus we examined, business flexibility and collaboration showed the clearest correlation with financial performance, whatever the financial metric—revenue growth, operating margin growth, or average profitability over time. Beyond product or service innovation, more CEOs are looking to business process innovation as a key competitive advantage. As one CEO put it, “Products and services can be copied. The business process and the model is the differentiator.” Another CEO commented that new product introductions in his industry offered only one month of market exclusivity before they are duplicated in the marketplace.  

   

This whole discussion is key because it shows that a few of the top areas we need to tackle are the alignment of business and IT, especially around joint goals, and a focus on those processes that will  

allow companies to differentiate themselves.  

   

This book helps address these key questions:  

 

  • What are your company’s business goals, and how do you align your whole company, including business and IT, around those goals? 
  • What governance mechanisms and mandates do you have in place to drive those goals throughout your corporation? Chapter 6, “SOA Governance and Service Lifecycle,” addressed how to think through governance, one of the most important indicators for success. 
  • What flexibility and innovation are needed for those goals to be reached? 
  • What business processes need innovation to be successful? Chapter 3, “Deconstructing Your Business: Component Business Model,” detailed one method to determine the core processes that you should focus on for success. 
  • How does your company create an environment of innovation and the power to act upon it?  

 

A company cannot continue to succeed if it comes up with some superb ideas through powerful focus and collaboration, but fails to act upon them or is not flexible enough to respond quickly to market  

forces. Governance and a focus on the right processes coupled with flexibility to act are all critical for a flex-pon-sive* company.  

   

So the bottom line is that companies must have change to innovate. Given that every business is so tied to technology, this conclusion places a premium on the underlying technology that runs  

your company.  

 

NOW, HOW DO YOU CONVINCE THE BUSINESS?

    

Behind every successful service oriented architecture (SOA) is the Business. With its promise of using existing technology to more closely align information technology (IT) with business goals, we have seen that SOAs have proven to help companies realize greater efficiencies, cost savings, and productivity.  

   

Still, as many IT managers have learned, without executive endorsement, an SOA will be relegated to the confines of IT as opposed to being recognized as an organization-wide business strategy. While no two organizations are exactly alike, there are consistent themes that arise when aiming for approval to build an SOA.  

   

For those many IT leaders who are facing the seemingly daunting challenge of presenting the importance and value of an SOA strategy to the executive suite, following are ten tips for selling SOA to the Business Leader. A few tips.  

 

  1. Don’t call it SOA: Explain the value and benefits in business terms that reflect the organization’s goals such as cost reduction, productivity, competitive advantage, etc. before diving into a technical conversation. 
  2. Vision, not version: Outline the immediate and long-term results from this strategy while avoiding discussions about specific version numbers. 
  3. Build consensus throughout the company: Prove the value of SOA through small, test projects conducted with volunteer departments in the organization. Make sure to include those department leaders when you later roll out the SOA. 
  4. Start small yet live large: When selecting those small test projects, choose to integrate and automate those business processes that can have the most widespread, positive impact across the organization. 
  5. Ixnay on the TLA: While it’s easy to get caught up in the technical jargon that is fully understood among peers, remember that three letter acronyms (TLA) can sound as eloquent as pig Latin when trying to convince your CEO of a major, new strategic undertaking. 
  6. Get to the powerful points: Without relying on complex slides that can deter from the true purpose of the meeting. 
  7. Conviction and prediction: Articulate goals for each step along the SOA path. By publicly stating and achieving realistic goals for the organization based on an SOA—increasing productivity or decreasing costs by XX percent—you can bolster confidence in the project and overall strategy. 
  8. Reference third party validation (see the next section in detail!): Cite analyst data on the growth and adoption of service oriented architectures and point to relevant SOA success stories within your industry (and by your competitors). 
  9. The close: SOA what? Outline specific before-and-after scenarios of the impact of SOA on your particular organization to help disarm any naysayer and gain CEO approval. 
  10. Qualify and quantify: Set goals, track performance, and refine methodologies at every step along the way. Be sure to share the results with interested parties on a regular basis to demonstrate the success of your company’s SOA journey.  

 

The opportunity to evangelize SOA to company executives is rare. To make the most of your extended elevator pitch, remember to articulate business benefits, reiterate bottom line results, and illustrate the company-wide value of an SOA.  

 

SOA AND WEB 2.0 BECOME THE ENABLERS 

 

A flexible business—a flex-pon-sive* business—requires flexible IT. Innovation requires change and SOA makes it easier for companies to change. Given this focus on business flexibility, growth, and innovation, the technology that most expedites these business goals is service oriented architecture (SOA). According to most of the analyst firms, SOA will become the de facto standard for business  

flexibility and collaboration among companies.  

   

As we discussed in this book, SOA is all about an approach that views a business as linked services and considers the outcomes they bring. Because it is built on open standards, it is a way for businesses to tap into their existing technology investments and flexibly link previously fragmented data and business processes, creating a more complete view of operations, potential bottlenecks, and areas for growth.  

   

As we learned, advances in open standards and software-development tools have made SOA applications easier to develop. However, this does not mean that everyone is deploying SOA  

applications; the market is at the early stages of adoption. Services that join together to support business processes within SOA are designed in such a way that different parts can operate independently of one another. Because of this, any one feature can be changed without breaking other parts of the application. This makes companies that have adopted principles of SOA much more  

responsive to changing business requirements than those that rely on traditional software development, with one feature change potentially derailing an entire application.  

   

The companies that master SOA technology operate more efficiently than their competitors and adapt more quickly to changing business conditions in their industries. And as we discussed earlier, Web 2.0 facilitates the collaboration aspects, and SOA enables the infrastructure for flexibility.  

   

A great example is a retailer deciding whether to issue a credit card to a customer. It could use the technology to tap different sources and pull together information on a customer’s creditworthiness  

and buying habits. A bank can use the same computing services to handle account transfer requests, whether they are coming from a teller, an ATM, or a Web application, avoiding the need for multiple applications. A manufacturer could measure more closely what is happening in its production process and then make adjustments that feed back instantly through its chain of suppliers.  

   

SOA enables profitability through revenue growth and cost cutting. SOA enables innovation through collaboration and flexibility. Your checklist for becoming a flex-pon-sive* business should include the following:  

 

  • Understand SOA and Web 2.0. Chapters 3 and 4, “SOA as the DNA of a Flex-pon-sive* and Innovative Company,” start to articulate what you need to consider, but the goal of this book is not to make you technology experts. Rather, the goal is to provide you with enough information to ask the right questions to begin your journey.249
  • Develop the skills needed to embrace these new technologies. 
  • Understand the business implications of the new technologies.
From Chapter 11 of The New Language of Business: SOA and Web 2.0 by Sandy Carter. This excerpt used by permission from IBM Press. Posted by Rebecca at April 23, 2007 8:40 AM | TrackBack